The UAE against its peers, including where it is behind

No standalone national hydrogen strategy was located. The Ministry of Energy website lists no hydrogen strategy, publication or target; the IEA Saudi Arabia country page records no hydrogen policy; the IEA Global Hydrogen Review 2025 contains no Saudi national target. Caveat: saudigreeninitiative.org was unreachable, so the widely-circulated “2.9 Mtpa by 2030 / 4 Mtpa by 2035” figures remain unverified by any primary source in this research.

Hydrogen incentives law (Apr 2024) verified; national strategy document not verified in this research. SCZONE publishes no framework agreements, developer names, investment values or project timelines. The incentives source does not give the law number.

Fertiglobe/H2Global — the only priced offtake in the region: 397,000 t to Rotterdam 2027–33; bid €1,000/t; FOB €811/t; delivered €1,153/t. Scatec and Fertiglobe also signed a 20-year hydrogen offtake agreement

No national hydrogen strategy was located. Searches across offshore-energy.biz and pv-magazine returned no strategy document, no production target and no issuing body; Ammonia Energy has no Qatari strategy coverage. The hydrogen activity located is one corporate project.

No strategy document was located. The only substance is an 18-month KBR masterplan advisory awarded July 2024 by Kuwait Oil Company — a state oil company, not a government; the source gives no strategy document name and no interim dates.

No strategy, no projects and no electrolysers were located. The Ammonia Energy Association search returns “Sorry, couldn't find anything for 'Bahrain'”; an offshore-energy.biz search returned ten nominal results, none substantively about Bahraini hydrogen. No Bahraini hydrogen strategy, project or electrolyser was located.

“Offre Maroc” — a steering committee led by Prime Minister Aziz Akhannouch, launched 2022; a land-allocation framework, not a production-target strategy. Morocco has no verified national hydrogen production target, so it cannot meaningfully be compared on a 2030/2050 target basis.

National Hydrogen Strategy 2024, released 16 September 2024 by Federal Climate Change and Energy Minister Chris Bowen, replacing the 2019 COAG Energy Council strategy. Note: dcceew.gov.au blocked all fetch attempts, so the targets are sourced to trade press reporting the minister's release rather than to the document itself.

Estrategia Nacional de Hidrógeno Verde, Government of Chile, presented by Energy Minister Juan Carlos Jobet on 3 November 2020. Its three objectives are: cheapest green hydrogen on the planet by 2030; among the top 3 exporters by 2040; 5 GW of electrolysis capacity in development by 2025 — positional, not volumetric, and no 2050 target. Gap: energia.gob.cl returned HTTP 403 on every attempt, so the strategy PDF and the Plan de Acción Hidrógeno Verde 2023-2030 could not be verified directly. The IEA Global Hydrogen Review 2025 explicitly flags missed targets by Chile.

Financial close 30 May 2023 — the only large green hydrogen FID in the Gulf. Construction 80% complete (2 Jun 2025), 90% as of 26 Mar 2026; commissioning of the 2.2 GW project reported begun 14 Aug 2026. DELAY: NGHC's own site carries both the legacy line “Producing up to 600 tonnes of carbon-free hydrogen daily by the end of 2026” and the current line “expected product availability in 2027” — first product has moved from end-2026 to 2027. No cost change reported; $8.4bn still cited as of Jun 2025.

The only Omani steel in the ground, and it sits outside the Hydrom auction system — it predates the rounds and sits in the Duqm SEZ. Nothing is operating. TUV Rheinland pre-certification obtained; first deliveries anticipated 2027; Yara Clean Ammonia has secured full phase 1 offtake. The report notes the two Ammonia Energy articles two weeks apart are inconsistent on the Shuangliang figure (80 MW delivered vs 160 MW supplied) and reports both verbatim; no stated FID date is recorded.

Foundation stone laid 27 Nov 2024. Zero electrolysers — this is CCS-based blue ammonia and the 35 MW of solar powers the plant, it does not make hydrogen. Start-up was stated as “expected mid-2026” but no source confirms start-up and no 2025–2026 progress reporting was found at all — QatarEnergy has published no update since the foundation-stone release of 27 November 2024. No offtake disclosed.

FID 23 Jul 2025; construction under way as of 31 May 2026; production from 2027; offtake internal to Sundown Pastoral Company. One of only two Australian FIDs, against a 500,000 t/y 2030 target.

FID taken 3 Jul 2026; first production early 2029; offtake is internal feedstock displacement. Combined, Australia's two FIDs total 65 MW and ~31,000 t/y of ammonia — against a 500,000 t/y green hydrogen target for 2030.

FEED by Técnicas Reunidas and Sinopec Guangzhou Engineering, completion mid-2026; commercial operations planned 2030. Its only offtake arrangement is an explicitly non-binding MoU with EnBW, Rostock Port and VNG. ACWA Power signed 27 MoUs at a single three-day event at a Ministry of Energy event (3 Feb 2026).

not one of the eight Hydrom auction blocks has reached FID. An offshore-energy.biz search for “Duqm hydrogen final investment decision” returns 0 results. Three years after Round 1 signings, the $49bn of investment commitments announced has produced no financed project. Hydrom's release of 2 May 2024 states 1.38 mtpa by 2030 from Round 2.

A demonstration unit began partial production in 2023 — the only operating electrolysis in the Gulf/MENA peer set — but the project itself remains pre-FID. A €35m EU grant managed by the EIB was awarded, with “FID expected in the coming months” as of 25 Feb 2026; the same “coming months” language appeared in both January and February 2026. Hydrogen is piped to Fertiglobe's existing conventional EBIC ammonia plant.

bp backed out of the 26 GW green hydrogen plan (pv magazine, 28 Jul 2025 — https://www.pv-magazine.com/2025/07/28/bp-backs-out-of-26-gw-green-hydrogen-plan-in-australia/). InterContinental Energy assumed full responsibility and secured AU$21m from ARENA to continue engineering and commercial analysis — with no FID date specified.

Phase 1 EIS submitted Aug 2024 with approval expected late 2025; phase 2 EIS early 2026; FID slated 2026; construction H1 2027; operations H2 2030. CIP and partners acquire all equity at FID.

Became “the first commercial-scale renewable ammonia project to complete Chile's environmental permitting process” (Dec 2025). Construction starts 2028, production 2030. No offtake — the article states plainly: “Demand signals combined with firm offtake is required to advance projects”.

launched 30 Apr 2025 with a timeline of RFQ submission 15 Dec 2025, final bids 31 Jan 2026 and award announcement Q2 2026. No Round 3 award has been announced as of 26 August 2026; Hydrom's press-release page carries no 2026 releases whatsoever, the most recent being 30 Apr 2025, and no award coverage was found on offshore-energy.biz or Ammonia Energy.

A binding long-term tripartite production, supply and sales agreement — but the underlying project has no reported FID: the offtake is binding; the underlying project has no reported FID.

Joint development agreement announced at the Egypt–EU Investment Conference as part of roughly $37bn of ammonia investment. not one of these framework agreements has reached FID.

An 18-month advisory engagement awarded July 2024 to produce a masterplan with “a phased strategy for the deployment of wind and solar power, combined with power storage capability”. The issuing body is a state oil company, not a government; no strategy document name and no interim dates are given. Kuwait has no projects, no electrolysers and no offtakes identified.

the entire $30bn is at land-reservation stage; no Moroccan project has reached FID and no Moroccan electrolyser capacity is verifiably installed. Offre Maroc allocates land and incentives without a published tonnage goal.

Funded export infrastructure supporting the UAE's blue ammonia programme. Note: the report names TA'ZIZ low-carbon (blue) ammonia at Ruwais — TA'ZIZ, Fertiglobe, Mitsui and GS Energy agreed to commence construction on 25 Jun 2024 — as the UAE's flagship, but attaches no URL to that claim, so it is carried in the country row rather than as a separately sourced project entry here.

Approved November 2024 and scrapped in early 2025. Sourced only to Wikipedia's “Hydrogen economy” article — a secondary source, flagged as such in the report and not independently verified.

Announced October 2021 and scrapped in 2025. Sourced only to Wikipedia's “Hydrogen economy” article — a secondary source, flagged as such in the report and not independently verified.